Single line dock status autoidentification

ABSTRACT

A single line docking station characteristic identifier is disclosed. In one embodiment, a portable computing device can include a dock detector circuit having an interface pin configured to be coupled to a docking station via a single line dock connection, where the dock detector circuit is configured to determine a characteristic of the docking station using a passive component in the docking station when the portable computing device is connected to the docking station via the single line dock connection. The dock detector circuit can include a resistor and a Schmitt trigger, while the passive component in the docking station can include a capacitor, for example.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.60/727,052, filed Oct. 14, 2005 (Attorney Docket No. OQO-110/PROV),which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates generally to the identification of docking devicesin electronic or computer systems.

BACKGROUND

Portable computing devices, such as digital assistants, laptopcomputers, and cellular telephones, continue to proliferate in themarketplace. However, because many of these devices may lack somefeatures or the accessibility found in larger desktop computing systems,docking stations may be employed to provide such enhancements, or tootherwise improve or supplement a user's experience in using theportable device.

In order to facilitate such docking station arrangements, and associatedaccess to features, an identification of the docking station by theportable computing device may be desirable. In particular, anidentification using a simplified approach and/or interface may beparticularly desirable.

SUMMARY

In one embodiment, a portable computing device can include a dockdetector circuit having an interface pin configured to be coupled to adocking station via a single line dock connection, where the dockdetector circuit is configured to determine a characteristic of thedocking station using a passive component in the docking station whenthe portable computing device is connected to the docking station viathe single line dock connection. The dock detector circuit can include aresistor and a Schmitt trigger, while the passive component in thedocking station can include a capacitor, for example.

In one embodiment, a method of determining a characteristic of a dockingstation can include: (i) connecting a portable computing device to thedocking station via a single line dock connection, where the portablecomputing device includes a dock detector circuit coupled to the singleline dock connection; (ii) placing the single line dock connection in areset state using the dock detector circuit; and (iii) determining thecharacteristic by sampling the single line dock connection at apredetermined time.

In one embodiment, a system of determining a characteristic of a dockingstation can include: (i) a single line dock connection coupled to thedocking station; and (ii) a portable computing device with a dockdetector circuit, where the dock detector circuit is coupled to thesingle line dock connection, and where the dock detector circuit candetermine the characteristic using a passive component in the dockingstation when the portable computing device is connected to the dockingstation via the single line dock connection.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates an example docking system arrangement.

FIG. 2 shows example portable computing device and docking stationcircuit components in accordance with embodiments of the presentinvention.

FIG. 3 shows an example schematic of dock detection circuitry in theportable computing device in accordance with embodiments of the presentinvention.

FIG. 4 shows an example of schematic details of portable computingdevice and docking station circuit components in accordance withembodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows example waveform diagrams for docking station detectionusing the circuit of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 shows a simplified flow diagram of an example method of detectinga docking station in accordance with embodiments of the presentinvention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring now to FIG. 1, an example docking system arrangement isindicated by the general reference character 100. For example, portablecomputing device 102 can interface with docking station 104 via a dockidentification or “DOCK_ID” pin interface, or any other suitableinterface. Further, portable computing device 102 may be any deviceamenable to such dock interfacing, such as a portable processing device,wireless telephony device, or a hand-held computer, for example.Although embodiments of the invention may be described primarily withrespect to such portable computing devices, features of the inventionmay be used in any other type of device, circuit, process or combinationthereof.

A docking station can be a structure associated with a portablecomputing device that can remain on a desk, and that can containhardware that is not needed when the portable computing device is not atthe desk. The portable computing device can then detach from the dockingstation when mobility is desired. Such docking stations may typically beused to outfit a relatively light-weight portable device in order toprovide more of a desktop replacement during home use. Further, dockingstations can provide extra connections, such as slots for expansioncards. Thus, a docking station (e.g., 104) can attach to a portablecomputing device (e.g., 102) in order to provide support for extradevices, such as hard drive bays, optical drive bays, keyboard/mouseconnectors (PS/2 ports), additional universal serial bus (USB) ports, PCCard slots, and external display connectors, for example.

Referring now to FIG. 2, example portable computing device and dockingstation circuit components in accordance with embodiments of the presentinvention is indicated by the general reference character 200. Portablecomputing device 202 may include embedded controller 204, and embeddedcontroller 204 can connect to a dock connection (e.g., via a DOCK_IDpin). This dock connection can be coupled to an internal relatively weakpull-up device, such as resistor R208.

In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, a manipulationof the dock connection can be used to determine a characteristic of adocking station (e.g., docking station 206). For example, a type, suchas a make, model, or version, of a docking station can be determinedusing a single line dock status “auto-identification” in accordance withembodiments of the present invention.

The single line dock connection may be connected to embedded controller204 on one end and, via a DOCK_ID pin, to docking station 206 on theother end, for example. Each such docking device or station 206 may havea specific capacitance, such as capacitor C212. Such docking stationcapacitors can be considered a “namespace” over which the dockingstations range. In general, a namespace may be an abstract containerproviding context for the items (e.g., names, technical terms, or words)the container holds to avoid ambiguity due to items having the samename. Accordingly, two or more items in a namespace cannot effectivelyshare the same name, and two or more named devices in a namespace can beuniquely identified. Thus, characteristics of docking station 206 can bedetermined by utilizing capacitor C212, for example.

In one embodiment, a returned number of time steps taken for capacitorC212 to charge from a reset state (e.g., a substantially dischargedstate) can be used to determine which capacitor (i.e., capacitancevalue) was charged. This capacitor (e.g., C212) may then represent adefinitive docking station characteristic (e.g., docking station type orstate). Also, portable computing device 202 may include a calibrationcapacitor C210, as will be discussed in more detail below.

Referring now to FIG. 3, an example schematic of dock detectioncircuitry in the portable computing device in accordance withembodiments of the present invention is indicated by the generalreference character 300. In this particular diagram, input and outputpaths within the portable computing device are shown, and a dockconnection or interface pin for dock connection is also shown.

Output drivers 302 can include two NMOS transistors, M304 and M306, forexample. Of course, other types of output driver circuits may also beused in accordance with embodiments. In this particular example,transistor M304 can be controlled via a gate connection to pull-upcontrol, and transistor M306 can be controlled by a gate connection topull-down control. Pull-up resistor R308 and calibration capacitor C310can also connect via the output path to the dock connection pin.

The input path from the dock connection pin can include Schmitt trigger312, or any other suitable-comparator or other input circuit that mayinclude hysteresis, for example. Schmitt trigger 312 can provide anoutput to dock identification (ID) control 314, as well as to otherinternal circuitry. In some embodiments, dock ID control 314 may beimplemented as firmware in an embedded controller (e.g., embeddedcontroller 204 of FIG. 2). In other embodiments, dock ID control 314 maybe implemented as a hardware logic block, or as a software function, forexample.

In any case, dock ID control 314 may include a control mechanism foroutput drivers 302, such as by bringing pull-down control high in orderto discharge the dock connection pin via NMOS transistor M306. Thus, ina reset operation, output drivers 302 can be employed to discharge anycapacitance (e.g., in a docking station) connected to the dockconnection pin.

After the docking station capacitance has been discharged via transistorM306, a predetermined waiting period can pass to allow time for thedocking station capacitor to charge via resistor R308. Then, ameasurement of the time taken for the voltage at the dock connectionnode to register as a high level can be made. This procedure may have asubstantial associated variance that may be caused by process,temperature, and/or voltage variations. In one embodiment, the proceduremay be accurate to within 5% due to such variance in a sensing thresholdof an embedded controller input, as well as shorter or faster responsetimes, for example.

Referring now to FIG. 4, example schematic details of portable computingdevice and docking station circuit components in accordance withembodiments of the present invention is indicated by the generalreference character 400. Portable computing device 412 can includepull-up resistor R402, pull-down NMOS transistor M404, and dock IDcontrol 410. Docking station 406 may include capacitor C408, forexample. As shown in this particular example, a dock connection node canconnect to resistor R402, NMOS transistor M404, dock ID control 410, anddocking station 406 capacitor C408. Also, dock ID control 410 canprovide pull-down control to the gate of transistor M404 for resettingthe single line dock connection.

Referring now to FIG. 5, example waveforms for docking station detectionusing the circuit of FIG. 4 is indicated by the general referencecharacter 500. Pull-down control can go high to initiate a reset state,forcing dock connection to discharge via transistor M404. Thus,capacitor C408 in docking station 406 may be substantially discharged.Next, pull-down control can then return low once enough time has passedfor C408 to discharge. Once pull-down control has returned low,relatively weak pull-up resistor R402 can provide a path to chargecapacitor C408.

The rate of charging the single line dock connection may thus be relatedto the RC-time constant of resistor R402 and capacitor C408. Of course,one skilled in the art will also recognize that other parasiticcapacitances and/or resistances due to other device connections (e.g.,transistor M404), as well as wire paths and materials, will also affectthe actual RC-time constant. As shown, a sampling range can be anysuitable time period and/or threshold for determining a capacitance ofC408, for example.

To allow for self-calibration or auto-calibration, one or morerelatively small capacitors (e.g., C210 of FIG. 2) may be located nearor in the embedded controller (e.g., 204 of FIG. 2). This calibrationcapacitance can allow the embedded controller to calibrate a voltagediscrimination threshold when the controller first boots because thecontroller would be using a known capacitance value. A calibrationprocedure may be similar to a procedure for dock identification, excepta number of time steps taken for the capacitor to charge may be returnedto the embedded controller. Since the capacitor size is known (as theonboard calibration capacitor), and the voltage into the capacitor isknown, one can use the time to charge this known capacitor with a knownvoltage to determine the voltage threshold of the embedded controllerinput.

A finer measurement threshold, as may be afforded by the use of suchcalibration capacitors, can mean that one can pack more docking stationcapacitor types into a range of times the dock detector system canutilize. Thus, the finer-grained discriminations the system can makebetween different capacitors, the shorter a range of time one would needto allow the procedure to have a same number of distinct capacitors, andthus distinct docking station identifiers. Accordingly, a degree ofdiscrimination of the system may be directly related to a density of thenamespace.

Referring now to FIG. 6, a simplified flow diagram of an example methodof detecting a docking station in accordance with embodiments of thepresent invention is indicated by the general reference character 600.The flow can begin (602) and a portable computing device can beconnected to a docking station (604). A dock connection between theportable computing device and the docking station can be reset, such asby discharging the docking station capacitor (606). The docking stationcapacitor can be allowed to charge using a resistive pull-up path in theportable computing device (608), and a voltage level of the dockconnection can be sampled during or around this charging (610). Next, adocking station characteristic can be determined from this sampledvoltage level (612), and the flow can complete (614).

In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, another examplemethod of detecting a docking station using a single line dockconnection can include: (i) switching a dock connection driver in theportable computing device to operate as an output device; (ii) resettingthe dock connection by discharging the line; (iii) switching the dockconnection input in the portable computing device to operate as an inputdevice; (iv) waiting a first time step, or predetermined time period;(v) measuring a voltage level on the single line dock connection; (vi)returning to the waiting for the first time step state if the singleline dock connection is not low; (vii) otherwise, waiting a second timestep, or another predetermined time period, (viii) measuring the voltagelevel on the single line dock connection and checking if that voltagelevel is high; (ix) returning to the waiting for the second time stepstate if the single line dock connection is not high; and (x) otherwise,return a number of time steps required for the capacitor to berecharged, and thus to register as a high voltage level.

The following Table 1 shows example code for implementing dockingstation identification in accordance with embodiments of the presentinvention. TABLE 1 goal::measure and return dock identity * if DOCK_IDwas high.   * and pulsing it low leaves it low   * therefore DOCK_IDmust be open   * drive DOCK_ID low to discharge the capacitor   * untilit reads low or we give up * if DOCK_ID is stuck high!   * releaseDOCK_ID and return error code   * release DOCK_ID and wait for it to gohigh * if DOCK_ID was low.   * and pulsing it high leaves it high   *therefore DOCK_ID must be open * if DOCK_ID was low.   * and pulsing ithigh leaves it low   * therefore DOCK_ID must be grounded

Advantages of embodiments of the present invention can include: (i) anembedded controller in the portable computing device can use a singlewire or dock connection to determine a characteristic of a dockingstation; (ii) no elaborate sensing or transmittal technology need beused; (iii) no analog-to-digital (A/D) converter need be used; (iv) nomicrocontroller need be used on the docking station side; (v) aminimalist and/or simplified hardware based solution may be used inimplementation; (vi) operation generally includes portable computingdevice measurement of a time for a dock or docking station sidecapacitor to charge; and (vii) a relatively simple resistor/capacitornetwork structure can be used. Further, such a network may be formedusing either a capacitor in the docking station and a resistor in thedocked device, or using a resistor in the docking station and acapacitor in the docked device, for example.

Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described,variations of such embodiments are possible and are within the scope ofthe invention. For example, although specific circuit devices andarrangements may be used to describe embodiments herein, otherembodiments can use other devices, technologies, and/or arrangements.Embodiments of the invention can operate among any one or more processesor entities including users, devices, functional systems, and/orcombinations of hardware and software.

Any suitable programming language can be used to implement thefunctionality of the present invention including C, C++, Java, assemblylanguage, etc. Different programming techniques can be employed such asprocedural or object oriented. The routines can execute on a singleprocessing device or multiple processors. Although the steps, operationsor computations may be presented in a specific order, this order may bechanged in different embodiments unless otherwise specified. In someembodiments, multiple steps shown as sequential in this specificationcan be performed at the same time. The sequence of operations describedherein can be interrupted, suspended, or otherwise controlled by anotherprocess, such as an operating system, kernel, etc. The routines canoperate in an operating system environment or as stand-alone routinesoccupying all, or a substantial part, of the system processing. Thefunctions may be performed in hardware, software or a combination ofboth.

In the description herein, numerous specific details are provided, suchas examples of components and/or methods, to provide a thoroughunderstanding of embodiments of the present invention. One skilled inthe relevant art will recognize, however, that an embodiment of theinvention can be practiced without one or more of the specific details,or with other apparatus, systems, assemblies, methods, components,materials, parts, and/or the like. In other instances, well-knownstructures, materials, or operations are not specifically shown ordescribed in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of embodiments of thepresent invention.

A “computer-readable medium” for purposes of embodiments of the presentinvention may be any medium that can contain, store, communicate,propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with theinstruction execution system, apparatus, system or device. The computerreadable medium can be, by way of example only but not by limitation, anelectronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, orsemiconductor system, apparatus, system, device, propagation medium, orcomputer memory.

A “processor” or “process” includes any human, hardware and/or softwaresystem, mechanism or component that processes data, signals or otherinformation. A processor can include a system with a general-purposecentral processing unit, multiple processing units, dedicated circuitryfor achieving functionality, or other systems. Processing need not belimited to a geographic location, or have temporal limitations.Functions and parts of functions described herein can be achieved bydevices in different places and operating at different times. Forexample, a processor can perform its functions in “real time,”“offline,” in a “batch mode,” etc. Parallel, distributed or otherprocessing approaches can be used.

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment”, “anembodiment”, or “a specific embodiment” means that a particular feature,structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodimentis included in at least one embodiment of the present invention and notnecessarily in all embodiments. Thus, respective appearances of thephrases “in one embodiment”, “in an embodiment”, or “in a specificembodiment” in various places throughout this specification are notnecessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, theparticular features, structures, or characteristics of any specificembodiment of the present invention may be combined in any suitablemanner with one or more other embodiments. It is to be understood thatother variations and modifications of the embodiments of the presentinvention described and illustrated herein are possible in light of theteachings herein and are to be considered as part of the spirit andscope of the present invention.

Embodiments of the invention may be implemented by using a programmedgeneral purpose digital computer, by using application specificintegrated circuits, programmable logic devices, field programmable gatearrays, optical, chemical, biological, quantum or nanoengineeredsystems, components and mechanisms may be used. In general, thefunctions of the present invention can be achieved by any means as isknown in the art. For example, distributed, or networked systems,components and/or circuits can be used. Communication, or transfer, ofdata may be wired, wireless, or by any other means.

It will also be appreciated that one or more of the elements depicted inthe drawings/figures can also be implemented in a more separated orintegrated manner, or even removed or rendered as inoperable in certaincases, as is useful in accordance with a particular application. It isalso within the spirit and scope of the present invention to implement aprogram or code that can be stored in a machine-readable medium topermit a computer to perform any of the methods described above.

Additionally, any signal arrows in the drawings/Figures should beconsidered only as exemplary, and not limiting, unless otherwisespecifically noted. Furthermore, the term “or” as used herein isgenerally intended to mean “and/or” unless otherwise indicated.Combinations of components or steps will also be considered as beingnoted, where terminology is foreseen as rendering the ability toseparate or combine is unclear.

As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow,“a”, “an”, and “the” includes plural references unless the contextclearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein andthroughout the claims that follow, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and“on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

The foregoing description of illustrated embodiments of the presentinvention, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intendedto be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise formsdisclosed herein. While specific embodiments of, and examples for, theinvention are described herein for illustrative purposes only, variousequivalent modifications are possible within the spirit and scope of thepresent invention, as those skilled in the relevant art will recognizeand appreciate. As indicated, these modifications may be made to thepresent invention in light of the foregoing description of illustratedembodiments of the present invention and are to be included within thespirit and scope of the present invention.

Thus, while the present invention has been described herein withreference to particular embodiments thereof, a latitude of modification,various changes and substitutions are intended in the foregoingdisclosures, and it will be appreciated that in some instances somefeatures of embodiments of the invention will be employed without acorresponding use of other features without departing from the scope andspirit of the invention as set forth. Therefore, many modifications maybe made to adapt a particular situation or material to the essentialscope and spirit of the present invention. It is intended that theinvention not be limited to the particular terms used in followingclaims and/or to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best modecontemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the inventionwill include any and all embodiments and equivalents falling within thescope of the appended claims.

Thus, the scope of the invention is to be determined solely by theappended claims.

1. A portable computing device, comprising: a dock detector circuithaving an interface pin configured to be coupled to a docking stationvia a single line dock connection, wherein the dock detector circuit isconfigured to determine a characteristic of the docking station using apassive component in the docking station when the portable computingdevice is connected to the docking station via the single line dockconnection.
 2. The portable computing device of claim 1, wherein thedock detector circuit comprises a resistor and a Schmitt trigger.
 3. Theportable computing device of claim 1, wherein the passive component inthe docking station comprises a capacitor.
 4. The portable computingdevice of claim 3, wherein the capacitor is configured to be dischargedvia the single line dock connection when the portable computing deviceis coupled to the docking station.
 5. The portable computing device ofclaim 1, wherein the dock detector circuit comprises a calibrationcapacitor.
 6. The portable computing device of claim 1, wherein thecharacteristic comprises a type of the docking station, and wherein thecharacteristic is configured to be determined by sampling a voltagelevel of the single line dock connection, wherein the voltage level isrelated to an RC-time constant of a resistor in the dock detectorcircuit and a capacitor in the docking station.
 7. The portablecomputing device of claim 6, wherein the sampling is configured to beperformed after a predetermined time.
 8. The portable computing deviceof claim 6, wherein the resistor is coupled to a power supply.
 9. Amethod of determining a characteristic of a docking station, the methodcomprising: connecting a portable computing device to the dockingstation via a single line dock connection, wherein the portablecomputing device comprises a dock detector circuit coupled to the singleline dock connection; placing the single line dock connection in a resetstate using the dock detector circuit; and determining thecharacteristic by sampling the single line dock connection at apredetermined time.
 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the dock detectorcircuit comprises a resistor and a Schmitt trigger.
 11. The method ofclaim 9, wherein the connecting comprises coupling a capacitor in thedocking station to the single line dock connection.
 12. The method ofclaim 11, wherein the placing the single line dock connection in thereset state comprises discharging the capacitor using an NMOS device.13. The method of claim 12, wherein the determining the characteristicby the sampling comprises using an RC-time constant of a resistor in thedock detector circuit and the capacitor.
 14. The method of claim 9,wherein the characteristic comprises a type of the docking station. 15.The method of claim 9, wherein the portable computing device comprisesan embedded controller coupled to the single line dock connection.
 16. Asystem of determining a characteristic of a docking station, the systemcomprising: a single line dock connection coupled to the dockingstation; and a portable computing device having a dock detector circuit,wherein the dock detector circuit is coupled to the single line dockconnection, and wherein the dock detector circuit is configured todetermine the characteristic using a passive component in the dockingstation when the portable computing device is connected to the dockingstation via the single line dock connection.
 17. The system of claim 16,wherein the dock detector circuit comprises a resistor and a Schmitttrigger.
 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the passive component inthe docking station comprises a capacitor.
 19. The system of claim 16,wherein the characteristic comprises a type of the docking station, andwherein the characteristic is configured to be determined by sampling avoltage level of the single line dock connection, wherein the voltagelevel is related to an RC-time constant of a resistor in the dockdetector circuit and a capacitor in the docking station.
 20. The systemof claim 19, wherein the capacitor is configured to be discharged viathe single line dock connection upon connection to the docking station.